... speech that adults have a First Amendment right to receive and to exchange. Such a burden on adult speech was ... animal cruelty. The government argued that the exclusion of a certain category from the protection of the First Amendment ...
... guidance in State practice with respect to the definition of an expropriation. Consequently, Dolzer found that there ... indirect expropriation. After all, most IIAs do not contain a clarification of this concept but simply presume its ...
... speech does not extend only to categories of speech that survive an ad hoc ... animal cruelty was found not to be one of them. The 2012 US Supreme Court ... abuse as an illegal activity (id., at 7). 164 Id. at 6 (the quotation in the last ...
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