... function should be assessed by monitoring filling pressures, heart rate ... (ECG) monitoring. The surface ECG provides information on heart rate and ... valve function. They enable indirect assessment of cardiac output by providing ...
... ( Paget - Schroetter syndrome [ PSS ] effort thrombosis of the axillary subclavian vein ) . The approach most frequently used for TOS and dorsal sympathectomy is the transaxillary approach , for first rib resection . This causes minimal ...
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